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	<title>An Indian Bureaucrat&#039;s Diary &#187; Travel India</title>
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		<title>Flamingoes in Mumbai &#8211; December 2009</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/flamingoes-in-mumbai-december-2009-290/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/flamingoes-in-mumbai-december-2009-290/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Dec 2009 16:08:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Birds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Endangered Species]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Forests]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Islands and Beaches]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mangrove Forests]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wildlife]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flamingoes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indian Bureaucrats Dairy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Migratory Birds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mudflats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[national parks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel india]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[
After the monsoons, Flamingoes &#8211; the lesser and the greater ones &#8211; and a lot of other migratory birds come to the coastal mudflats of India from the North.They feed on the mudflats during the next five or six months and return to their homelands in April or so.
They also come to Sewree in Central [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
After the monsoons, Flamingoes &#8211; the lesser and the greater ones &#8211; and a lot of other migratory birds come to the coastal mudflats of India from the North.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">They feed on the mudflats during the next five or six months and return to their homelands in April or so.</p>
<p>They also come to Sewree in Central Mumbai in large numbers. <span id="more-290"></span>Sewree is hardly four kilometres from my residence.<br />
But I never saw these birds in the mudflats there.</p>
<p>Call it a Christmas determination or whatever, on the 27th December 2009, I decided to see the flamingoes. We made phone to different people to learn about the tides, how to reach the best location to see the birds and whatever we could learn.</p>
<p>Its simple.<span>  </span>You have to go to Sewree Station. You have to cross the gate (phatak) which takes you to the eastern side of the station.<span>  </span>Ask any one for the Sewree Jetty (or Indian Oil Corporation) or Sewree Khari (Sewree Bay). It is less than a kilometre away. <span> </span>We reached the jetty in no time.</p>
<p>You should go there when the tide is low.<br />
What a scene it was! I could not count the birds. But there were more than 15,000 flamingoes all around. The younger ones had a blackish colouration and moved around in small groups of their own. There were a lot of other birds.</p>
<p>At the jetty, we clambered up the iron ladder on to a large ship which was undergoing repairs.<br />
(Of course, we first asked for and took permission from the first person we sighted on the ship.)<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">I am attaching some of the photographs.<br />
I am giving the web site from where you can see the tide table for any day.<br />
I am not reproducing my earlier article on flamingoes. I am giving its link.<br />
Read it if you like. And oh, like any other writer I would love to have your views and comments.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Binoy Gupta<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Email:,<span>  </span>eleena100@hotmail.com<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Website of the Mumbai Port Trust:<br />
<a href="http://www.mumbaiport.gov.in/newsite/PORTINFO/weather.htm" rel="nofollow" ><font color="#800080">http://www.mumbaiport.gov.in/newsite/PORTINFO/weather.htm</font></a></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Link to my earlier article on flamingoes:<br />
<u><span style="color: #170e8e"><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/flamingo-greater-flamingo-lesser-flamingo-migratory-birds-sewree-creek-mitthi-river-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-234/">http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/flamingo-greater-flamingo-lesser-flamingo-migratory-birds-sewree-creek-mitthi-river-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-234/</a></span></u></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><u><span style="color: #170e8e"></span></u><strong><o:p><br />
<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-on-the-shipimg_6345_800x386.jpg" title="Sewree - On the Ship"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-on-the-shipimg_6345_800x386.jpg" alt="Sewree - On the Ship" /></a></o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p></o:p></strong></span> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewreeflamingoesimg_6392_800x600.jpg" title="What a Scene"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewreeflamingoesimg_6392_800x600.jpg" alt="What a Scene" /></a></o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p> </o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-baby-famingoes-img_6374_800x600.jpg" title="Baby Flamingoes"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-baby-famingoes-img_6374_800x600.jpg" alt="Baby Flamingoes" /></a> </o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p> </o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p><br />
<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-flamingoesimg_6353_800x600.jpg" title="Flamingoes"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-flamingoesimg_6353_800x600.jpg" alt="Flamingoes" /></a></o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p> </o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p><br />
<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-flaminingo-in-flightimg_6360_800x379.jpg" title="Flamingo in Flight"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-flaminingo-in-flightimg_6360_800x379.jpg" alt="Flamingo in Flight" /></a></o:p></strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><o:p><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-on-the-shipimg_6381_800x600.jpg" title="Sewree.  On the Ship"></a><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-on-the-shipimg_6381_800x600.jpg" title="Sewree.  On the Ship"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sewree-on-the-shipimg_6381_800x600.jpg" alt="Sewree.  On the Ship" /></a><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/the-jetty-at-sewree-img_6330_800x600.jpg" title="The Jetty at Sewree"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/the-jetty-at-sewree-img_6330_800x600.jpg" alt="The Jetty at Sewree" /></a></o:p></strong></span></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Digha</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/digha-277/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/digha-277/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2009 16:32:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Islands and Beaches]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digha]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indian Bureaucrats Dairy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Most popular week end get away for Calcuttans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sea Beach]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel india]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[the most popular week end get away
for Kolkatians (Calcuttans)
Digha (originally known as Beerkul) is the most popular beach, and weekend get away, for the people of West Bengal in general, and Kolkata in particular.
In 1780, in one of his letters to his wife, Warren Hasting wrote about Digha as the &#8220;Brighton of the East&#8221;.In 1923, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #0033cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><font color="#ff0000"><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/digha-for-blog.jpg" title="digha-for-blog.jpg"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/digha-for-blog.jpg" alt="digha-for-blog.jpg" /></a>the most popular week end get away<br />
for Kolkatians (Calcuttans)</font></p>
<p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Digha (originally known as Beerkul) is the most popular beach, and weekend get away, for the people of West Bengal in general, and Kolkata in particular.</p>
<p>In 1780, in one of his letters to his wife, Warren Hasting wrote about Digha as the &#8220;Brighton of the East&#8221;.<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">In 1923, John Frank Smith, an English tourist was so enamoured by the beauty of Digha that <span id="more-277"></span>he started living there. His writings about Digha brought the place into prominence.<br />
<span> </span>After independence, John Frank Smith convinced Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, then Chief Minister of West Bengal, to develop Digha as a beach resort.</p>
<p>Digha has beautiful, firm, sandy beaches<span>  </span>-<span>  </span>so firm that you can drive cars and land small planes on them.</p>
<p>I used to visit Digha quite often to collect sea anemones, star fishes, small fishes and other small creatures for my marine aquariums. I also used to bring in sea water for these aquariums. Once, I got a large eel.</p>
<p>The water is shallow up to considerable distances. I used to walk into the sea for almost a kilometre. But believe me, this was fool hardy and certainly not safe.<br />
You should never go out too far from the shore.</p>
<p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Activities <o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">You can play around in the sand and sea and pamper your stomach with local<br />
Bengali cuisine.<br />
The fried fish on the sea front is certainly worth trying.</p>
<p>You can shop for ornaments and curios, hand-woven mats made of weeds,<br />
and purchase cashew nuts.</p>
<p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Other places to see</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type="disc" style="margin-top: 0in">
<li style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">New Digha</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> </span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">(2 kms) is practically an extension of Digha.<br />
(On the way to New Digha, you can view marine life at the aquarium, or visit the </span><span style="color: windowtext"><a href="http://www.holidayiq.com/Science-Centre-Digha-Sightseeing.html" rel="nofollow" ><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Science Centre</span></a></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> for some scientific facts.)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Shiva Temple at Chandaneshwar (8 kms).<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify" class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: windowtext"><a href="http://www.holidayiq.com/Talasari-Digha-Sightseeing.html" rel="nofollow" ><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Talasari</span></a></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, another lovely beach (3 kms).</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Shankarpur, an untouched beach, often called the twin of Digha (14 kms).<br />
Shankarpur is also an important fishing harbour.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Junput, another</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> beautiful beach (40 kms).<br />
This beach is great for fishing and sun bathing.<br />
The State Government Fisheries Department, conducts fish cultivation and research here. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarmani" rel="nofollow"  title="Mandarmani"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Mandarmani</span></a> (14 kms), a small virgin beach with also a small fishing harbour, is a fast developing tourist resort.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Reaching there</p>
<p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Digha is 187 kms from Kolkata,<br />
You can go by car, taxi or public transport.<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) is offering great all inclusive packages from Kolkata to Digha. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal" class="MsoNormal">
<table border="0" align="left" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" style="margin: 5.25pt 6pt 0.75pt auto" class="MsoNormalTable">
<tr>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: #d4d0c8; padding: 0in"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #0033cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
Recommendation</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #333333; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"></p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: 150%" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Digha has suffered severe soil erosion. Much of its old time glory has passed over to New Digha which is almost like an extension of Digha.</p>
<p>The beach is lined with Casuarina trees.<br />
The sea is calm and safe for swimming.<br />
You can see both the sunrise and sunset at Digha.</p>
<p>There are plenty of hotels of all kinds<span>  </span>at cheap rates.</p>
<p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Tourism Information<br />
</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">You can get tourist information from<br />
West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation Ltd.<br />
New Secretariat Building (West Block) <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Ground Floor<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Kolkata &#8211; 700 001 <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #333333; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Phone; 91 33 &#8211; 2248 7302/8256/8242, 2210 3194<o:p></o:p></span><o:p><font face="Calibri"> </font></o:p></o:p></span></p>
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		<title>Travel India Whale Sharks</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/whale-sharks-conservation-mass-congregation-endangered-species-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-262/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/whale-sharks-conservation-mass-congregation-endangered-species-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-262/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Aug 2008 02:20:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Endangered Species]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wildlife]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mass Congregation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Whale Sharks]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[

Whale Sharks

“Whale Sharks are the largest fish in the sea, and yet, we know the least about them,” Jeff Swanagan, Executive Director and President, declared shortly after the opening of the Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta, U.S.
Seeing a Whale Shark in the ocean is very rare.
Even well-known oceanographers such as Dr. Sylvia Earle and Philippe Cousteau did [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><font color="#ff0000"><br />
<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/whale-shark-georgia-aquarium.jpg" title="Travel India Whale Shark Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, U.S."><img align="right" src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/whale-shark-georgia-aquarium.thumbnail.jpg" alt="Travel India Whale Shark Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, U.S." /></a><br />
Whale Sharks</font></span></strong><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p>“Whale Sharks are the largest fish in the sea, and yet, we know the least about them,” Jeff Swanagan, Executive Director and President,<span> </span>declared shortly after the opening of the Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta, U.S.</p>
<p>Seeing a Whale Shark in the ocean is very rare.<br />
Even well-known oceanographers such as Dr. Sylvia Earle and Philippe Cousteau did not see their first Whale Shark until coming to an aquarium.<span id="more-262"></span></p>
<p>Whale Sharks frequently enter the coastal waters around India.<br />
A few are washed ashore.<br />
Nature lovers try to push them back to deeper waters.</p>
<p>Fortunately for us, today, most of the larger public aquariums display Whale Sharks.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p>Description<o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
Believed to have originated about 60 million years ago, the Whale Shark, <em>Rhincodon typus</em>, is the largest living fish in the world.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The Whale Shark was first identified in April 1828 following the harpooning of a 4.6<span>  </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre" rel="nofollow"  title="Metre"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">metre</span></a>s </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span> </span>(15.1 </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foot_(length)" rel="nofollow"  title="Foot (length)"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">feet</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">) specimen in </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_Bay" rel="nofollow"  title="Table Bay"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Table Bay</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa" rel="nofollow"  title="South Africa"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">South Africa</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">It was described the next year by </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Smith_(zoologist)" rel="nofollow"  title="Andrew Smith (zoologist)"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Andrew Smith</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, a military doctor with the British troops in </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Town" rel="nofollow"  title="Cape Town"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Cape Town</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">He published a more detailed description of the Whale Shark in 1849.<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The name &#8221; Whale Shark &#8221; comes from the fish&#8217;s physiology.<br />
It is actually a shark, as large as a </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale" rel="nofollow"  title="Whale"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">whale</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, and filter feeds in the same way as whales do.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">It can grow up to 12.2 metres (40 feet) in length and can weigh up to 13.6 metric tons.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></p>
<p><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/whale-shark-and-diver.gif" title="Travel India Whale Shark and Diver"><img align="right" src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/whale-shark-and-diver.thumbnail.gif" alt="Travel India Whale Shark and Diver" /></a><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The largest accurately recorded specimen was caught on </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_11" rel="nofollow"  title="November 11"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">November 11</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947" rel="nofollow"  title="1947"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">1947</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, near the island of Baba, near </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi" rel="nofollow"  title="Karachi"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Karachi</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan" rel="nofollow"  title="Pakistan"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Pakistan</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">.<br />
It was 12.65 metres (41.50 feet) long, weighed more than 21.5 </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonne" rel="nofollow"  title="Tonne"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">tons</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> (47,300 </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_(unit_of_weight)" rel="nofollow"  title="Pound (unit of weight)"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">lb</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">), and had a girth of 7 metres (23.0 feet).</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><br />
</span><a name="Distribution_and_habitat"></a><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
Distribution and habitat<br />
<o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
The Whale Shark is found in open waters in tropical and warm-temperate oceans around the world.<br />
Its range is restricted to about ± 30 ° latitude.<br />
It is found to a depth of 700 metres (2,300 ft).<br />
It is usually solitary.<br />
Males range over longer distances than females.</p>
<p>Seasonal feeding congregations of the Whale Sharks occur at several coastal sites such as </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningaloo_Reef" rel="nofollow"  title="Ningaloo Reef"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Ningaloo Reef</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> (</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Australia" rel="nofollow"  title="Western Australia"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Western Australia</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">); </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Atila" rel="nofollow"  title="Útila"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Útila</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> <span> </span>(</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honduras" rel="nofollow"  title="Honduras"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Honduras</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">); </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donsol" rel="nofollow"  title="Donsol"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Donsol</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batangas" rel="nofollow"  title="Batangas"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Batangas</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> (</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" rel="nofollow"  title="Philippines"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Philippines</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">); off </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_Mujeres" rel="nofollow"  title="Isla Mujeres"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Isla Mujeres</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holbox" rel="nofollow"  title="Holbox"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Isla Holbox</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> (</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucatan" rel="nofollow"  title="Yucatan"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Yucatan</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico" rel="nofollow"  title="Mexico"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Mexico</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">); and the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania" rel="nofollow"  title="Tanzania"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Tanzanian</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> islands (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemba,_Tanzania" rel="nofollow"  title="Pemba, Tanzania"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Pemba</span></a> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanzibar" rel="nofollow"  title="Zanzibar"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Zanzibar</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">).<o:p></o:p></span><a name="Anatomy_and_appearance"></a><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>Description and Feeding<br />
<o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
The Whale Shark is a </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_feeding" rel="nofollow"  title="Filter feeding"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">filter feeder</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">.<br />
It has a huge mouth which can open up to 1.5 metres (4.9 feet) wide and contains between 300 and 350 rows of tiny teeth.<br />
It has five large pairs of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gill" rel="nofollow"  title="Gill"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">gills</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">.<br />
The two small eyes are located towards the front of the shark&#8217;s wide, flat head.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The body is mostly grey with a white belly.<br />
Three prominent ridges run along each side of the Whale Shark and the skin is marked with a &#8220;checkerboard&#8221; of pale yellow spots and stripes.<br />
These spots are unique to each whale shark and are used to identify each animal.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The skin can be up to 10 </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centimetre" rel="nofollow"  title="Centimetre"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">centimetres</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> (3.9 </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inch" rel="nofollow"  title="Inch"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">in</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">ches) thick.</p>
<p>The Whale Shark is not an efficient swimmer and uses its entire body for swimming, reducing its speed to an average of around 5 </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" rel="nofollow"  title="Kilometres per hour"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">kilometres per hour</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> (3.1 </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_per_hour" rel="nofollow"  title="Miles per hour"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">mph</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">).</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></p>
<p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Diet<o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>The Whale Shark is a filter feeder — one of only three known filter feeding shark species (the other two are the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basking_shark" rel="nofollow"  title="Basking shark"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">basking shark</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> and the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megamouth_shark" rel="nofollow"  title="Megamouth shark"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">megamouth shark</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">).</p>
<p>It feeds on </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoplankton" rel="nofollow"  title="Phytoplankton"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">phytoplankton</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, macro-</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algae" rel="nofollow"  title="Algae"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">algae</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plankton" rel="nofollow"  title="Plankton"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">plankton</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krill" rel="nofollow"  title="Krill"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">krill</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, small fish and small </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nekton" rel="nofollow"  title="Nekton"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">nektonic</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> life, such as small </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squid" rel="nofollow"  title="Squid"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">squid</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> or </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" rel="nofollow"  title="Vertebrate"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">vertebrates</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">.<br />
The rows of tiny teeth play no role in feeding.</p>
<p>The shark sucks in a mouthful of water, closes its mouth and expels the water through its gills. The plankton and other food material is trapped inside and swallowed.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><br />
<a name="Behavior_towards_divers"></a></p>
<p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The Whale Shark and Divers</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>The Whale Sharks are quite gentle and allow divers to play with them.</p>
<p>Divers and snorkellers can swim with them and even touch them without any risk apart from unintentionally being struck by the shark&#8217;s large tail fin.<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>The shark is often seen by divers in </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Atila" rel="nofollow"  title="Útila"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">The Bay Islands in Honduras</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand" rel="nofollow"  title="Thailand"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Thailand</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" rel="nofollow"  title="Philippines"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Philippines</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldives" rel="nofollow"  title="Maldives"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Maldives</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Sea" rel="nofollow"  title="Red Sea"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Red Sea</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Australia" rel="nofollow"  title="Western Australia"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Western Australia</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> (</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningaloo_Reef" rel="nofollow"  title="Ningaloo Reef"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Ningaloo Reef</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> and </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Island" rel="nofollow"  title="Christmas Island"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Christmas Island</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">), Gladden Spit Marine Reserve in </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belize" rel="nofollow"  title="Belize"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Belize</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, Tofo Beach in </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique" rel="nofollow"  title="Mozambique"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Mozambique</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, Sodwana Bay (</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_St._Lucia_Wetland_Park" rel="nofollow"  title="Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">) in South Africa and at the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galapagos" rel="nofollow"  title="Galapagos"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Galapagos</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> Islands.<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>The highest concentration of Whale Sharks to be found anywhere in the world is in the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" rel="nofollow"  title="Philippines"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Philippines</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">. From January to May, they congregate in the shallow coastal waters of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorsogon" rel="nofollow"  title="Sorsogon"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Sorsogon</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> province (at </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donsol" rel="nofollow"  title="Donsol"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Donsol</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">).</p>
<p>Recently 150 Whale Sharks have been tagged and identified off the coast off Hol Box Island, Mexico. The island is located north of Cancun in the Gulf of Mexico. They visit the island from June through August and more have been identified every year.</p>
<p>Tour guides can organise swimming with these enormous creatures.</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span><a name="Reproduction"></a><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
Reproduction<o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproductive" rel="nofollow"  title="Reproductive"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">reproductive</span></a> habits of the Whale Sharks are obscure.<br />
It was earlier believed to be <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oviparous" rel="nofollow"  title="Oviparous"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">oviparous</span></a>, but the capture of a female in July 1996 which was pregnant with 300 pups proved that they are <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovoviviparity" rel="nofollow"  title="Ovoviviparity"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">ovoviviparous</span></a>.</p>
<p>The eggs remain in the body and the females give birth to live young which are 40 centimetres (15.7 in) to 60 centimetres (23.6 in) long.<br />
It is believed that they reach sexual maturity at around 30 years and live to over 100 years.</p>
<p><span> </span><o:p></o:p></span><a name="Conservation_status"></a><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Conservation status<o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>The Whale Sharks are captured by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artisan_fishing" rel="nofollow"  title="Artisan fishing"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">artisanal</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing_industry" rel="nofollow"  title="Fishing industry"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">commercial fisheries</span></a> in several areas where they seasonally aggregate.<br />
However, they are not endangered.<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature_and_Natural_Resources" rel="nofollow"  title="International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">IUCN</span></a> has classified them as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulnerable_species" rel="nofollow"  title="Vulnerable species"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">vulnerable</span></a>.</p>
<p>Fishing, selling, importing and exporting of Whale Sharks for commercial purposes has been banned in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" rel="nofollow"  title="Philippines"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Philippines</span></a> in 1998; in India in May 2001; and <span> </span>by Taiwan in May 2007.<a name="Whale_sharks_in_captivity"></a> <o:p></o:p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 13pt; color: #0033cc; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>Whale Sharks in India</p>
<p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Around 1,200 Whale Sharks migrate from East Africa to the Gujarat coast in the Indian Ocean for breeding every year.<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">They were indiscriminately slaughtered by fishermen in the coastal areas of in Gujarat.<br />
About one thousand were slaughtered by Gujarat’s fishermen between 1990- 2001, who killed them for their oil, fins and meat. These fetched high prices in the international market. <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">However, since 2005, the fishermen themselves have rescued nine of these huge creatures of the sea.</p>
<p>This has been possible through ‘Save the Whale Shark’ &#8211; a joint awareness campaign, conducted by the Wildlife Trust of India (WTI), the International Fund for Animal Welfare, Tata Chemicals and the Gujarat government since 2004. <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>Watching the magnificent creatures is a unique experience.<br />
India is doing a wonderful job protecting and saving them.<br />
</span></p>
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		<title>Travel India Social Inequality</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/social-disparity-current-issues-highest-tax-payers-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-260/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/social-disparity-current-issues-highest-tax-payers-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-260/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 03 Aug 2008 09:07:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Current Issues]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Highest Tax Payers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Disparity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[
Social Inequality 
The extent of social inequality in India – even after 6 decades of independence, is to say the least, unbelievably appalling.
Our politicians, whose primary job is to reduce, if not remove, social inequality, clearly believe in the age old dictum, make hay while the sun shines.
The public, at large, continue to suffer, while the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#0000ff"><br />
Social Inequality<o:p></o:p></font></span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font face="Calibri"> </p>
<p></font></o:p></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The extent of social inequality in India – even after 6 decades of independence, is to say the least, unbelievably appalling.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Our politicians, whose primary job is to reduce, if not remove, social inequality, clearly believe in the age old dictum, make hay while the sun shines.</span></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The public, at large, continue to suffer, while the politicians prosper…and prosper.</span></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Take a peep into the background of your neighbourhood councillor, MLA or MP.</span></o:p></span><o:p><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span id="more-260"></span><br />
Even if he has been in office for a single term, you will find his financial position has suddenly soared up.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
<font color="#008000"></p>
<p>Our Tax Payers</p>
<p></font></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
Just go through the lists of our top 20, 100 and 200 income tax payers.<br />
They are an eye opener for everyone.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">For the latest year -</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> 2007-08</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">:</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The country&#8217;s top taxpayer is from Delhi. He paid Rs 121 crores.<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Of the top 10 taxpayers, five are from Mumbai and two from Delhi.<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The top taxpayer among industrialists is Max&#8217;s Analjit Singh who is No. 15 in the list. He paid Rs 31.49 crores.<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Conspicuous by their absence in the top 200 list are the two brothers, Mukesh and Anil Ambani.<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Their mother, Kokilaben, is almost at the bottom of the list. She is No. 195. She paid Rs 4.46 crores.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The following are the figures for some other interesting personalities:</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span>  </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span> </span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span>              <br />
               <span>     </span><span>    </span><span>          </span><span> <br />
                                                 </span>Sl No.<span>           </span><span>  </span><span>   </span>Tax paid (Rs. Crores)</p>
<p></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span></span><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span> </span>Shah Rukh Khan<span>     </span><span>     </span><span>  </span><span>  </span><span> </span>13 <span> </span><span>                         </span><span>  </span><span> </span><span>    </span>34.2<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span> </span>Mayawati <span>                 </span><span>    </span><span>    </span><span> </span>18<span>                            </span><span> </span><span> </span><span>  </span><span>  </span>26.26 <span>         <br />
</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">          </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Akshay Kumar <span>        </span><span>     </span><span>  </span><span>  </span><span> </span>40 <span> </span><span>            </span><span>   </span><span>   </span><span>  </span><span>       </span><span>  </span><span> </span><span> </span>13.5<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">      </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span>  </span>Sachin Tendulkar<span>         </span><span>    </span><span> </span>81<span>                           </span><span>     </span><span>  </span><span> </span>8.8<br />
(Sachin is just ahead of industrialist Kumarmangalam Birla who paid just Rs 48,271 less than the cricketeer.)<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">(The names of persons other than celebrities are not given here because this could invite threats from extortionists.)</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Mayawati</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Mayawati’s income, year-after-year, has ostensibly come from &#8220;gifts&#8221; from her admirers.<br />
An admirable lady indeed!<br />
On the basis of the taxes paid, her personal income this year is estimated to be about Rs 75-80 crores.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p>Other interesting taxpayers</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Some other interesting names in the list of top-200 taxpayers are:</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">                                                                                     Rs. (crores)<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Naresh Trehan <span> </span>(cardio-surgeon)<span>                                </span> 8.4 <span> </span><br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Salman Khan <span>   </span>(actor)<span>               </span><span>      </span><span>                        </span><span>     </span> 7 <span>  </span><span> </span><span> </span><br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Abdul Telgi <span> </span><span>    </span><span> </span>(stamp-paper scamster)<span>        </span><span>          </span><span> </span> 6.5<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Sanjay Dutt <span>  </span><span>    </span>(actor)<span>                                             </span><span>   </span><span> </span> 5.8 <span> </span><br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Aishwarya Rai <span>  </span>(actress)<span>        </span><span> </span><span>                                  </span>  5.6 <span>  </span><br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Abhishek Bachchan (actor)<span>    </span>(paid just Rs 75,192 less than his wife)<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Nandan Nilekani <span> </span>(industrialist)<span>                                 </span><span>  </span>5.16 <br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Himesh Reshammiya <span> </span>(music director-singer)<span>        </span> 4.89 <br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Mukul Rohtagi<span>   </span>(lawyer)<span>                            </span><span>    </span><span>             </span> 4.85  <br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Aamir Khan (actor)<span>   </span><span>                                                  </span> 4.72 <br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">         </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Azim Premji <span>  </span>(Wipro)<span>                            </span><span>                   </span><span>  </span> 4.68 </p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span><strong><font color="#008000">My Comments<br />
</font><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><font color="#000000">Politicians have apparently done extremely well.<br />
Though, only Mayavati has paid substantial taxes.<br />
</font></span></span><span><font color="#000000">Bollywood personalities have done quite well even though most of the films have flopped at the box office.</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
<span> </span><o:p></o:p></span></o:p></p>
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		<slash:comments>16</slash:comments>
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		<title>Travel India Jogeshwari Caves</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/jogeshwari-caves-shiva-linga-cave-temples-travel-india-binoy-gupta-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-258/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/jogeshwari-caves-shiva-linga-cave-temples-travel-india-binoy-gupta-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-258/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Jul 2008 14:40:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Caves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Temples and Pilgrimage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cave Temples]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jogeshwari Caves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shiva Linga]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel india]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/jogeshwari-caves-shiva-linga-cave-temples-travel-india-binoy-gupta-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-258/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Jogeshwari Caves in Mumbai
Jogeshwari Caves, dating back to 520 to 550 AD, are some of the earliest Hindu cave temple sculptures located off the Western Express Highway in Jogeshwari (East) in northern Mumbai (Bombay).
They are a 45-minute journey from Church Gate Station by train and a further 3 kms. by road from Jogeshwari Station.

The caves [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><font color="#ff0000"><br />
Jogeshwari Caves in Mumbai</p>
<p></font></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Jogeshwari Caves, dating back to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/520" rel="nofollow"  title="520"><span style="color: black">520</span></a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/550" rel="nofollow"  title="550"><span style="color: black">550</span></a> AD, are some of the earliest <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" rel="nofollow"  title="Hindu"><span style="color: black">Hindu</span></a> cave temple sculptures located off the Western Express Highway in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogeshwari" rel="nofollow"  title="Jogeshwari"><span style="color: black">Jogeshwari</span></a> (East) in northern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai" rel="nofollow"  title="Mumbai"><span style="color: black">Mumbai</span></a> (Bombay).<br />
They are a 45-minute journey from Church Gate Station by train and a further 3 kms. by road from Jogeshwari Station.</span><font face="Times New Roman"><br />
<span id="more-258"></span><br />
</font><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The caves are accessed through a long flight of stairs leading to the main hall.<br />
The cave temple has a huge central hall, with many pillars.<br />
At the end of the hall are a Shrine and a Shivalinga.<br />
Idols of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dattatreya" rel="nofollow"  title="Dattatreya"><span style="color: black">Dattatreya</span></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanuman" rel="nofollow"  title="Hanuman"><span style="color: black">Hanuman</span></a>, Devi Mata, Jogeshwari and an orange <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganesh" rel="nofollow"  title="Ganesh"><span style="color: black">Ganesh</span></a> line the walls.<br />
There are also relics of two doormen.<o:p></o:p></span> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p style="background: #f8fcff">
Unfortunately, the caves are surrounded by encroachments &#8211; huts and all kinds of dwellings.<br />
The caves are classified as endangered.<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage" rel="nofollow"  title="Sewage"><span style="color: black">Sewage</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste" rel="nofollow"  title="Waste"><span style="color: black">waste</span></a> enter the premises.<br />
The caves are also infested with bats.<br />
The boundary walls of the cave temple have disintegrated.</p>
<p style="background: #f8fcff">&nbsp;</p>
<p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><font color="#008000"><font color="#008000">Bombay High Court to the rescue</font><br />
</font></span></strong></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">In October 2007, Janhit Manch, a NGO (Non Government Organisation) filed a PIL (Public Interest Litigation) requesting the Bombay High Court to order removal of encroachments around four caves around Mumbai &#8211; Jogeshwari, Mahakali, Mandapeshwar and Kanheri caves.</p>
<p>The Bombay High Court appointed Shiraz Rustomji, Advocate as Amicus Curie (friend of the court).<br />
The Bombay High Court sought a report from a court-appointed committee spelling out minimum intervention measures to rid the heritage monuments of illegal infringement.<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
</span><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">As directed by the Bombay High Court, the ASI (<a href="http://asi.nic.in/" rel="nofollow" ><span style="color: #444444"><font color="#000000">Archaeological Survey of India)</font></span></a> carried out survey of the four caves and informed the court that there were 750 illegal encroachments around the caves in Jogeshwari.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Shiraz Rustomji informed the court that the encroachments were not just within the barred 100-metre radius of the caves, but were also on the monument itself.<br />
He further told the court that in the committee report submitted to the court, the ASI had suggested removal of encroachments between 17-40 metres from the site.<br />
</span><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span><span></span><br />
The BMC (Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation) told the court that none of these structures had obtained a construction certificate from the corporation, but they have been standing for a long period of time.</span><span> </span><span>On 23 July 2008, Justices JN Patel and KK Tated of the Bombay High Court <span> </span>asked the ASI, State Government and the BMC to present an action plan for removal of encroachments from the area around Jogeshwari caves, a heritage site.</p>
<p>They accepted all the suggestions made in the committee report and sought a check on the state government’s rehabilitation policy for the encroachers.</p>
<p><font color="#339966"><strong></strong></font></p>
<p><font color="#339966"><strong><font color="#008000">My recommendation</font></strong><br />
</font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The encroachments around Jogeshwari Caves will be removed soon.<br />
The ASI will provide security personnel.<br />
Once more, the caves will attract more tourists.<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Encroachments are the bane of most of our caves and important historical sites.<br />
A 1992 notification prohibits any construction in the prohibited zone of 100 metres around ancient monuments, while a further 200 metres is designated as &#8216;regulated zone&#8217;, where development is permitted only after the ASI&#8217;s approval.</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">But we have come to such a sorry state of administrative inefficiency that Government bodies need court orders to goad them in to discharging their duty.<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #444444; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>19</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Travel India Medical Tourism Cataract</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-ophthalmological-treatment-cataract-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-256/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-ophthalmological-treatment-cataract-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-256/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 Jul 2008 04:39:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cataract]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism in India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Treatment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ophthalmological Treatment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-ophthalmological-treatment-cataract-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-256/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Medical Tourism 
Ophthalmological Treatment
in India – Cataract



India is the ideal location for all types of cataract surgeries…….from cheap sutureless Small Incision Cataract Surgeries to sophisticated micro Phaco surgeries with the most advanced implanted lenses.
Cataract surgeries take about 10 minutes and the patient can be discharged almost immediately.
What is Cataract
A cataract is a clouding that develops in [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Medical Tourism<span> <br />
</span><span>Ophthalmological Treatment</span><span><br />
in India – Cataract<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/medical-tourismhuman-eyecross-sectional-view.png" title="Travel India.Medical Tourism.Cataract.Human Eye.Cross sectional view"><img align="right" src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/medical-tourismhuman-eyecross-sectional-view.thumbnail.png" alt="Travel India.Medical Tourism.Cataract.Human Eye.Cross sectional view" /></a><br />
</span></p>
<p><a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/medical-tourismhuman-eyecross-sectional-view.png" title="Travel India.Medical Tourism.Cataract.Human Eye.Cross sectional view"></a></p>
<p></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p>India is the ideal location for all types of cataract surgeries…….from cheap sutureless Small Incision Cataract Surgeries to sophisticated micro Phaco surgeries with the most advanced implanted lenses.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Cataract surgeries take about 10 minutes and the patient can be discharged almost immediately.</p>
<p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">What is Cataract</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">A cataract is a clouding that develops in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_%28anatomy%29" rel="nofollow"  title="Lens (anatomy)"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">crystalline lens</span></a> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye" rel="nofollow"  title="Eye"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">eye</span></a> or in its envelope, varying in degree from slight to complete <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opacity_%28optics%29" rel="nofollow"  title="Opacity (optics)"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">opacity</span></a>, and obstructing the passage of light. </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span id="more-256"></span> </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Early in the development of age-related cataract, the power of the lens may increase, causing near-sightedness (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myopia" rel="nofollow"  title="Myopia"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">myopia</span></a>), and the gradual yellowing and opacification of the lens may reduce the perception of blue colours.</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Typically, cataracts progress slowly, causing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vision_loss" rel="nofollow"  title="Vision loss"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">vision loss</span></a>; and can lead to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blindness" rel="nofollow"  title="Blindness"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">blindness, </span></a>if left untreated.</span><sup id="cite_ref-0"><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span></sup><sup><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span></sup><sup><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span></sup><sup><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"><o:p></o:p></span></sup><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN">Cataracts may be partial or complete, stationary or progressive, hard or soft.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"><o:p></o:p></span><sup><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span></sup><sup><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span></sup><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#008000">Causes of Cataract</font></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Cataracts develop from a variety of reasons, including long-term ultraviolet exposure, exposure to radiation, secondary effects of diseases such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes" rel="nofollow"  title="Diabetes"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">diabetes</span></a>, hypertension and advanced age.</span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics" rel="nofollow"  title="Genetics"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Genetic</span></a> factors are often a cause of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital" rel="nofollow"  title="Congenital"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">congenital</span></a> cataracts.</span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Cataracts can also be produced by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_injury" rel="nofollow"  title="Eye injury"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">eye injury</span></a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_trauma" rel="nofollow"  title="Physical trauma"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">physical trauma</span></a>.</span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Some drugs such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteroid" rel="nofollow"  title="Corticosteroid"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Corticosteroids</span></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezetimibe" rel="nofollow"  title="Ezetimibe"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Ezetimibe</span></a><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since July 2007"> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seroquel" rel="nofollow"  title="Seroquel"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Seroquel</span></a>.can induce cataract development.</p>
<p></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since July 2007"></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since July 2007"><o:p></o:p></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">You can see articles on Cataract on the following web site:</p>
<p></span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.sightsavers.org/What%20We%20Do/Eye%20Conditions/Cataract/World1414.html" rel="nofollow" ><font color="#ff0000">http://www.sightsavers.org/What%20We%20Do/Eye%20Conditions/Cataract/World1414.html</font></a><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </p>
<p></o:p></span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">What should you do</p>
<p></span></strong></o:p></span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
If you have decided to come to India for Medical Treatment, then read on.<br />
We can take care of all your needs and provide you the best single point care and attention.</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Email us a brief note, giving your full name, address, contact details and summary of your ailments.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">You can contact:<br />
</span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Dr. Binoy Gupta in Mumbai.<br />
Dr. Sanjay Gupta in Kolkata.<br />
Dr. Navin Kumar Gupta in California.<br />
Dr. Vikash Gupta in U.K.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Their phone numbers and other details will be given to you on hearing from</span><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%" lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">you.</span><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p style="line-height: 15.7pt"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">email:</span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span></strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><a href="mailto:eleena100@hotmail.com" rel="nofollow" ><strong><span style="color: #003399">eleena100@hotmail.com</span></strong></a></span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; text-transform: uppercase; color: #003399; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 1.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"> </span></p>
<p><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#000000">You can also see a number of related articles on this blog.</font></span><strong><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
</span></strong></p>
<p></span></strong><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="color: black" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Travel India Medical Tourism &#8211; Ophthalmological Treatment</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-ophthalmological-treatment-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-aravind-eye-hospital-255/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-ophthalmological-treatment-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-aravind-eye-hospital-255/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 20 Jul 2008 17:03:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism in India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Treatment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ophthalmological Treatment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[

Ophthalmological Treatment in India

Why should patients from the West come to countries
like India for medical treatment?
The answer is two fold:
 ·           It is much cheaper ; and  
·           The treatment is world class.
Ophthalmological Treatment
Of the various specialities, India has one of the best ophthalmological treatment facilities in the world.
There are institutions like:
·           Aravind Eye Hospital, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span><span></span><span><font color="#ff0000"><br />
<strong><font color="#ff0000"><br />
Ophthalmological Treatment in India<br />
</font><br />
</strong></font></span><span></span></span><span><span><font color="#008000"><span><font color="#000000">Why should patients from the West come to countries<br />
like India for medical treatment?</p>
<p></font></span></font><font color="#008000"><span></span></font><font color="#008000"><span></span></font><span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#ff0000"><strong>The answer is two fold:<br />
</strong></font></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#ff0000"></font></span></span><span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#ff0000"><strong><span id="more-255"></span> </strong></font></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#ff0000"><o:p></o:p></font></span><span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">It is much cheaper ; and <o:p></o:p></span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p><font color="#000000"> </p>
<p></font></o:p></span></span><span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p><span><font color="#008000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span><font color="#000000">·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></font></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#000000"><font color="#ff0000"><font color="#000000">The treatment is world class.</p>
<p></font></font></font></span></o:p></span></font></span></o:p></span></span><span><font color="#008000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#000000"><font color="#ff0000"></font></font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span lang="EN-US"></span><span><font color="#008000"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><strong><font color="#ff0000">Ophthalmological Treatment</p>
<p></font></strong></span></font></span></o:p></span></font></span><span><font color="#008000"><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font></span><span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#000000">Of the various specialities, India has one of the best ophthalmological treatment facilities in the world.</p>
<p></font></span></span><span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">There are institutions like:</p>
<p></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></span></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai;</p>
<p></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></span></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Shankar Netralaya, Chennai; and</p>
<p></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></span></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">L.V. Prasad Institute, Hyderabad</span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">who are offering very good treatment.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#000000"></p>
<p></font></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#000000"><font color="#ff0000"><font color="#000000">At the same time, they are training qualified ophthalmologists and honing their skills to perfection, who in turn are offering the same level of services.</p>
<p></font></font></font></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">India is therefore most suitable for the following ophthalmological treatment:</p>
<p></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></span></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">All kinds of Cataract Surgeries</p>
<p></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></span></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Lasik (Refractive correction)</p>
<p></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol" lang="EN-US"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">           </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Squints, Glaucoma, etc.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#ff0000">What should you do</p>
<p></font></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><span><o:p></o:p><font size="3" color="#ff0000"><font color="#000000">If you have decided to come to India for Medical Treatment, then read on.</font></font></span><span><font size="3" color="#ff0000"><font color="#000000"> </font></font></span><span><font size="3" color="#ff0000"><font color="#000000">We can take care of all your needs and provide you the best single point care and attention.</p>
<p>Email us a brief note, giving your full name, address, contact details and summary of your ailments.</p>
<p></font></font></span><span><font size="3"><font color="#ff0000"><font color="#008000"><strong><font color="#ff0000">You can contact</p>
<p></font></strong></font></font></font></span><span><font size="3"><font color="#ff0000"><font color="#008000"></font></font></font></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font color="#ff0000"><o:p></o:p></font></font></span><font color="#000000"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3">Dr. Binoy Gupta in Mumbai.<br />
Dr. Sanjay Gupta in Kolkata.<br />
Dr. Navin Kumar Gupta in California.<br />
Dr. Vikash Gupta in U.K.</p>
<p></font></span></font><font color="#000000"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></font><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><o:p></o:p></font></span><font size="3"><span>Their phone numbers and other details will be given to you on hearing from </span><span>you.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style="line-height: 15.7pt"><span><strong><font color="#ff0000">email</font>:<font size="3"> </font></strong></span><a href="mailto:eleena100@hotmail.com" rel="nofollow" ><span style="color: #003399; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'"><font size="3"><strong>eleena100@hotmail.com</strong></font></span></a><strong><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; text-transform: uppercase; color: #003399; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 1.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><font size="3" color="#000000"> </font></span></strong></p>
<p><span></span><span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt" class="MsoNormal"><font color="#000000"><font color="#008000"><strong>You can also see a number of related articles on this blog.</strong></font><br />
</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt" class="MsoNormal"><font color="#000000"><br />
 </font></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></p>
<p></span></p>
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		<title>Travel India Kanheri Caves</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/kanheri-caves-binoy-gupta-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-252/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 19 Jul 2008 04:03:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Caves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pilgrimages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Temples and Pilgrimage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World Heritagae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Buddha]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cave Temples]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kanheri Caves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/kanheri-caves-binoy-gupta-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-252/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
When we think of caves, we visualize locations in inaccessible places hidden amidst deep forests.

Some caves were carved out in inaccessible places because of fear of prosecution by kings and rulers of different faiths, or due to the desire to remain far away from society, but many were situated on the ancient trade routes and [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 24pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span></strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">When we think of caves, we visualize locations in inaccessible places hidden amidst deep forests.<br />
<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/travel-indiakanheri-cavesmain-vihara.jpg" title="Travel India.Kanheri Caves.Main Vihara"><img align="right" src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/travel-indiakanheri-cavesmain-vihara.thumbnail.jpg" alt="Travel India.Kanheri Caves.Main Vihara" /></a><br />
Some caves were carved out in inaccessible places because of fear of prosecution by kings and rulers of different faiths, or due to the desire to remain far away from society, but many were situated on the ancient trade routes and served as halting places for traders and other travellers.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span id="more-252"></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
There are some beautiful, ancient, little known caves &#8211; Kanheri Caves &#8211; about an hour’s drive from Mumbai.<br />
But as the old saying goes ‘there is shadow beneath the lamp’, most Mumbaites do not even know about this place.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span><span><span> </span><br />
</span><span><strong><font color="#008000"><br />
The Name<br />
</font><br />
</strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The word Kanheri comes from two Sanskrit words<span>  </span>- <span> </span>Kanha meaning Krishna and Giri meaning mountains.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"></span></p>
<p><strong><font color="#008000">Location</font></p>
<p></strong></span><span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The Kanheri Caves are situated on a hill, 42 kms north of Mumbai in Boriveli, deep inside the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanjay_Gandhi_National_Park" rel="nofollow"  title="Sanjay Gandhi National Park"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Sanjay Gandhi National Park</span></a>.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"></span><strong><span style="color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Description<br />
<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/travel-indiakanheri-cavesanother-vihhara.jpg" title="Travel India.Kanheri Caves.Another Vihhara"><img align="right" src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/travel-indiakanheri-cavesanother-vihhara.thumbnail.jpg" alt="Travel India.Kanheri Caves.Another Vihhara" /></a><br />
</span></strong><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Buddhist caves consist of two main types of structures:</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Chaityagrahas, or places of worship; and<br />
Viharas, or monasteries, single and multiple celled residences of the Buddhist monks.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">There are 109 caves in Kanheri dating from the 1st century BC to 9th Century AD, each connected with a flight of steps.<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">They were chiseled out of a massive outcrop of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basaltic" rel="nofollow"  title="Basaltic"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">basaltic</span></a> rock.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
Most of the caves in Kanheri are <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vihara_%28monastery%29" rel="nofollow"  title="Vihara (monastery)"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Viharas</span></a> meant for living, study, and meditation.<a href="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/travel-indiakanheri-cavessteps.jpg" title="Travel India.Kanheri Caves.Steps"><img src="http://www.binoygupta.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/travel-indiakanheri-cavessteps.thumbnail.jpg" alt="Travel India.Kanheri Caves.Steps" /></a><br />
The larger caves are Chaityagrahas, or halls for worship.<br />
Many of these are lined with intricately carved Buddhist sculptures, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliefs" rel="nofollow"  title="Reliefs"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">reliefs</span></a> and pillars, and contain rock-cut <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stupa" rel="nofollow"  title="Stupa"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">stupas</span></a> for congregational worship.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Unlike the caves of Elephanta, most of the caves are spartan and unadorned.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Sculptural art can be seen in Caves like 2, 3, 41, 67, 89, 90, etc. <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p> <br />
</o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Kanheri has the largest number of cave excavations in a single hill.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><strong><span style="color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Important Caves</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The most important Cave is Cave No. 3 built during the 6th century.<br />
This has the last of the excavated Chaityagrahas of the Hinayana Order.<br />
This Cave has 34 pillars and is like a colonnaded hall &#8211; 28 mtrs x13 mtrs in dimension.<br />
Inside is a 5 mtrs high Dagoba, or stupa, and carvings depicting elephants kneeling and worshipping the stupa.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Cave 1 is an unfinished Chaityagraha, originally planned to have a double-storeyed verandah and a porch, apart from the pillared hall.<br />
The cave is dated to 5th &#8211; 6th <span> </span>century A.D. as the pillars with compressed cushion or amalaka top appear generally during this period.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Cave 11 is known as the Durbar Hall, or the Assembly Hall.<br />
It consists of a huge hall with a front verandah.<br />
There is a statue of the Buddha occupying the central place as in the case of idols in Hindu temples and also a number of cells for Buddhist monks.<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The cave has four inscriptions of different periods.<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p> <br />
</o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
Cave 34 is a dark cell and has paintings of the Buddha on the ceiling.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Cave 41 has, besides other sculptures, a figure of the eleven headed Avalokiteshwara.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Cave 67 is a big cell, with the figure of Avalokiteshwara as savior flanked by two female figures in the verandah.<br />
There are also images of the Buddha depicting the miracle of Sravasti.<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </p>
<p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 7pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><strong><span style="color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Water System</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #006600; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Kanheri Caves had one of the best rainwater harvesting systems in the world.<br />
</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The caves invariably contain a cistern for storing water.<br />
There are 86 storage tanks with rock lids some of which have fallen inside and are too heavy to be lifted and placed back on the top.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Farther up the hill are the remains of an ancient water system, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal" rel="nofollow"  title="Canal"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">canals</span></a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisterns" rel="nofollow"  title="Cisterns"><span style="color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">cisterns</span></a> that collected and channeled the rainwater into the huge tanks.</p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Recommendation</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #006600; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Kanheri has some of the finest cave structures so close to Mumbai.</p>
<p>The site can be made a major tourist attraction &#8211; as popular as Elephanta and Karla Caves, but sincere efforts are required.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The 6 kms road leading to the Kanheri caves should be repaired and made safe for travellers.<span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span></span></p>
<p></span></strong></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Medical Tourism Inc.</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-american-medical-associations-guidelines-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-249/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 12 Jul 2008 12:25:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism in India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Treatment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American Medical Association's Guidelines]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[
American Medical Association (AMA’s) Guidance on medical tourism
The AMA issued the following Press Release on June 16, 2008.
For the first time, the AMA has accepted the practicability of Medical Tourism.


Press Release
Dated: June 16, 2008
CHICAGO — To ensure the safety of patients considering traveling abroad for medical care, new guiding principles on medical tourism (PDF, 20KB) [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #912000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
American Medical Association (AMA’s) Guidance on medical tourism</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #ff0066; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The AMA issued the following Press Release on June 16, 2008.<br />
For the first time, the AMA has accepted the practicability of Medical Tourism.<br />
</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #ff0066; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><br />
</span><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">Press Release<br />
Dated: June 16, 2008</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">CHICAGO — To ensure the safety of patients considering traveling abroad for medical care, </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/31/medicaltourism.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" ><span style="color: #000099; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">new guiding principles on medical tourism</span></a></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> (PDF, 20KB) were adopted today at the American Medical Association&#8217;s (AMA) annual policy-making meeting. The nine principles are the first-of-its-kind, and outline steps for care abroad for consideration by patients, employers, insurers and third-parties responsible for coordinating travel outside of the U.S.</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">&#8220;Medical tourism is a small but growing trend among American patients, and it&#8217;s unclear at this time whether the risks outweigh the benefits,&#8221; said AMA Board Member </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.ama-assn.org/go/board-bio" rel="nofollow" ><span style="color: #000099; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">J. James Rohack, MD</span></a></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">. &#8220;Since this is uncharted waters, it is our hope that the AMA&#8217;s new guidance on medical tourism will benefit patients considering traveling abroad for health care.&#8221;</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">In 2006, an estimated 150,000 Americans received health care overseas, and nearly half of the procedures were for medically necessary surgeries. The emergence of medical tourism is in part a response to the rising cost of health care in the U.S., which puts needed health care out of reach for many, particularly those without health care coverage.</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">&#8220;We need to address the cost of care in the U.S. and cover the uninsured so that every American who needs health care can get it right here at home,&#8221; said Dr. Rohack. &#8220;Until there is significant action at home, patients with limited resources may turn elsewhere for care. It is important that U.S. patients have access to credible information and resources so that the care they receive abroad is safe and effective.&#8221;</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">The new AMA principles call for all medical care outside of the U.S. to be voluntary. They address financial incentives, insurance coverage for care abroad and care coordination. The principles also call for patients to be made aware of their legal rights prior to travel and to have access to physician licensing and facility accreditation information prior to travel.</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">&#8220;For those patients considering medical tourism, the new AMA principles are an important starting point for consideration before making the decision to go abroad for health care,&#8221; said Dr. Rohack.</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">To ensure that insurance companies and others that facilitate medical tourism adhere to the new principles, the AMA will introduce model legislation for consideration of state lawmakers.</p>
<p><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">For additional information, please contact AMA Media Relations at:<o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US">(312) 239-4991 or (312) 464-5980<br />
</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></p>
<p>For more information of Medical Tourism in India,<br />
click on the following site:</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #003300; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><font color="#003300"><a href="http://medicaltourisminc.blogspot.com/2008/07/medical-tourism-in-india.html" rel="nofollow" >http://medicaltourisminc.blogspot.com/2008/07/medical-tourism-in-india.html</a><br />
</font></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>

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		<title>Medical Tourism Inc.</title>
		<link>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-2-247/</link>
		<comments>http://www.binoygupta.com/travel_india/medical-tourism-medical-treatment-medical-tourism-india-an-indian-bureaucrats-diary-travelogue-on-india-binoy-gupta-2-247/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Jul 2008 15:59:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Binoy Gupta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism in India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Treatment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travel India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Indian Bureaucrat's Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Binoy Gupta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medical Tourism India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Travelogue on India]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[ 
Medical Tourism in India

If you have decided to come to India for Medical Treatment, then read on.
We can take care of all your needs and provide you the best single point care and attention.
Email us a brief note, giving your full name, address, contact details and summary of your ailments.
These details will be handed over [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong><span style="font-size: 24pt; text-transform: uppercase; color: #666666; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; letter-spacing: 2.4pt"> <o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #ff0066; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
<a href="http://medicaltourisminc.blogspot.com/2008/07/medical-tourism-in-india.html" rel="nofollow" ><span style="color: #ff0066; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">Medical Tourism in India</span></a><br />
</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.5pt; color: #ff0066; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
If you have decided to come to India for Medical Treatment, then read on.<br />
We can take care of all your needs and provide you the best single point care and attention.</span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span id="more-247"></span><br />
Email us a brief note, giving your full name, address, contact details and summary of your ailments.</span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">These details will be handed over to a General Practitioner.<br />
He will act as your coordinator for your medical treatment.<br />
You don&#8217;t pay any thing for all this.</span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></p>
<p>He will consult one or more appropriate specialists attached to leading hospitals.<br />
The specialist opinion will be forwarded to you.</span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">We will offer you a number of options indicating the duration, expenses, etc.</p>
<p>At any point, you can contact the G.P., our representative in the country nearest to you, or any of us and discuss the matter through email, chat mode, or phone.</p>
<p>Go ahead with your treatment only after you are completely satisfied.</p>
<p></span></strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">We are here to help you, guide you at every moment of your stay in India, and make your stay as comfortable as possible.</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><br />
You can contact:</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Dr. Binoy Gupta in Mumbai.<br />
Dr. Sanjay Gupta in Kolkata.<br />
Dr. Navin Kumar Gupta in California.<br />
Dr. Vikash Gupta in U.K.</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="color: #000099; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Their phone numbers and other details will be given to you on hearing from you.</p>
<p></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'"></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #ff0066; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'">email:</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000099; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #003399; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'"><a href="mailto:eleena100@hotmail.com" rel="nofollow" ><span style="color: #003399; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none">eleena100@hotmail.com</span></a></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #003399; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; text-transform: uppercase; color: #003399; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS','sans-serif'; letter-spacing: 1.2pt"><o:p> </o:p></span><o:p><font face="Calibri"> </font></o:p><o:p></o:p></p>
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